Ayyukan Fasaha

Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic da kyau yana amfani da albarkatun kore da sabunta hasken rana, kuma shine mafita mafi kyau don saduwa da buƙatun wutar lantarki a wuraren da ba tare da samar da wutar lantarki ba, ƙarancin wutar lantarki da rashin ƙarfi.

1. Fa'idodi:
(1) Tsarin sauƙi, mai aminci da abin dogara, ingantaccen inganci, mai sauƙin amfani, musamman dacewa da amfani mara amfani;
(2) Kusa da wutar lantarki, babu buƙatar watsawa mai nisa, don guje wa asarar layukan watsawa, tsarin yana da sauƙi don shigarwa, sauƙin sufuri, lokacin ginawa yana da ɗan gajeren lokaci, zuba jari na lokaci daya, fa'ida na dogon lokaci;
(3) Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na Photovoltaic ba ya haifar da wani sharar gida, babu radiation, babu gurɓatacce, ceton makamashi da kare muhalli, aiki mai aminci, babu hayaniya, watsi da sifili, ƙananan ƙirar carbon, babu wani tasiri mai tasiri akan yanayi, kuma shine manufa mai tsabta mai tsabta. ;
(4) Samfurin yana da tsawon rayuwar sabis, kuma rayuwar sabis na panel na hasken rana ya fi shekaru 25;
(5) Yana da aikace-aikace masu yawa, baya buƙatar man fetur, yana da ƙananan farashin aiki, kuma ba ya shafar matsalar makamashi ko rashin kwanciyar hankali na kasuwa. Yana da abin dogara, mai tsabta da ƙananan farashi don maye gurbin masu samar da diesel;
(6) High photoelectric canji yadda ya dace da kuma babban ikon samar da kowane yanki yanki.

2. Tsari Tsari:
(1) Tsarin hasken rana yana ɗaukar babban girman, grid mai yawa, inganci mai inganci, tantanin halitta monocrystalline da tsarin samar da rabin-cell, wanda ke rage yawan zafin jiki na tsarin, yuwuwar wuraren zafi da ƙimar gabaɗayan tsarin. , yana rage asarar samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar shading, kuma yana inganta. Ƙarfin fitarwa da aminci da amincin abubuwan da aka gyara;
(2) Na'ura mai haɗawa da sarrafawa da inverter yana da sauƙin shigarwa, sauƙin amfani, da sauƙi don kulawa. Yana ɗaukar abubuwan shigar da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa da yawa, wanda ke rage amfani da kwalaye masu haɗawa, rage farashin tsarin, da haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na tsarin.

1. Abun ciki
Kashe-grid photovoltaic tsarin gabaɗaya sun ƙunshi tsararrun hotovoltaic da suka ƙunshi abubuwan haɗin hasken rana, cajin hasken rana da masu kula da fitarwa, inverter off-grid (ko inverter hadedde inverter), fakitin baturi, lodin DC da lodin AC.

(1) Modulun Kwayoyin Rana
Na’urar da ke amfani da hasken rana ita ce babban bangaren tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ta hasken rana, kuma aikinsa shi ne canza hasken hasken rana zuwa wutar lantarki ta yanzu;

(2) Mai kula da cajin hasken rana da fitarwa
Wanda kuma aka sani da "Photovoltaic controller", aikinsa shine tsarawa da sarrafa makamashin lantarki da tsarin hasken rana ke samarwa, don cajin baturi zuwa matsakaicin matsayi, da kuma kare baturin daga caji da yawa. Hakanan yana da ayyuka kamar sarrafa haske, sarrafa lokaci, da ramuwar zafin jiki.

(3) Kunshin baturi
Babban aikin fakitin baturi shi ne adana makamashi don tabbatar da cewa lodin yana amfani da wutar lantarki da daddare ko a cikin gajimare da ruwan sama, sannan yana taka rawa wajen daidaita wutar lantarki.

(4) Kashe-grid inverter
The off-grid inverter shine ainihin bangaren tsarin samar da wutar lantarki, wanda ke canza wutar DC zuwa wutar AC don amfani da lodin AC.

2. Aikace-aikaceAsaboda
Kashe-grid tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin yankuna masu nisa, wuraren da ba su da wutar lantarki, wuraren da ba su da ƙarfi, wuraren da ba su da ƙarfi, tsibirai, tashoshin sadarwa da sauran wuraren aikace-aikacen.

Ka'idoji uku na ƙirar tsarin kashe-grid na hotovoltaic

1. Tabbatar da wutar kashe-grid inverter bisa ga nau'in nauyin mai amfani da ƙarfinsa:

Nauyin gida gabaɗaya an raba su zuwa naɗaɗɗen kayan aiki da lodi masu juriya. lodin injina kamar injin wanki, na'urorin sanyaya iska, firji, famfun ruwa, da hoods masu ɗaukar nauyi ne. Ƙarfin farawa na motar shine sau 5-7 na ƙarfin ƙididdiga. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da ikon farawa na waɗannan lodi lokacin da ake amfani da wutar lantarki. Ƙarfin fitarwa na inverter ya fi ƙarfin nauyi. Yin la'akari da cewa ba za a iya kunna duk kayan aiki a lokaci guda ba, don adana farashi, ana iya ninka adadin ƙarfin nauyin nauyin 0.7-0.9.

2. Tabbatar da ikon bangaren bisa ga amfanin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun:

Ka'idar ƙirar ƙirar ita ce saduwa da buƙatun amfani da wutar lantarki na yau da kullun na kaya a ƙarƙashin matsakaicin yanayin yanayi. Don kwanciyar hankali na tsarin, ana buƙatar la'akari da abubuwa masu zuwa

(1) Yanayin yanayi ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa fiye da matsakaici. A wasu wuraren, hasken da ke cikin mafi munin yanayi ya yi ƙasa da matsakaicin shekara;

(2) Jimlar ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic, ciki har da ingancin hasken rana, masu sarrafawa, inverters da batura, don haka ba za a iya mayar da wutar lantarki na hasken rana gaba daya zuwa wutar lantarki ba, da kuma wutar lantarki da ake samu na tsarin kashe-grid = abubuwan haɗin jimlar wutar lantarki * matsakaicin matsakaicin sa'o'i mafi girman ƙarfin hasken rana * ƙarfin cajin hasken rana * ingantaccen mai sarrafawa * inverter inganci * ingancin baturi;

(3) Ƙimar ƙira na ƙirar hasken rana ya kamata ya yi la'akari da ainihin yanayin aiki na kaya (daidaitaccen nauyi, nauyin yanayi da nauyin lokaci) da kuma bukatun abokan ciniki na musamman;

(4) Hakanan ya zama dole a yi la'akari da dawo da ƙarfin baturi a ƙarƙashin ci gaba da ruwan sama ko yawan zubar da ruwa, don guje wa cutar da rayuwar batirin.

3. Ƙayyade ƙarfin baturi bisa ga yawan ƙarfin mai amfani da dare ko lokacin jiran aiki da ake sa ran:

Ana amfani da baturin don tabbatar da amfani da wutar lantarki na yau da kullun na nauyin tsarin lokacin da adadin hasken rana bai isa ba, da dare ko a ci gaba da ruwan sama. Don nauyin rayuwa mai mahimmanci, ana iya tabbatar da aikin al'ada na tsarin a cikin 'yan kwanaki. Idan aka kwatanta da masu amfani na yau da kullun, ya zama dole a yi la'akari da tsarin tsarin tsarin mai tsada.

(1) Yi ƙoƙarin zaɓar kayan aikin lodin makamashi, kamar fitilun LED, kwandishan inverter;

(2) Ana iya amfani da shi fiye da lokacin da hasken yana da kyau. Ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a hankali lokacin da hasken ba shi da kyau;

(3) A cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic, ana amfani da yawancin batir gel. Idan aka yi la'akari da rayuwar baturin, zurfin fitarwa yana gabaɗaya tsakanin 0.5-0.7.

Ƙirar ƙira ta baturi = (matsakaicin amfani da wutar lantarki yau da kullun na kaya * adadin kwanakin girgije da ruwan sama a jere) / zurfin fitar baturi.

1. Yanayin yanayi da matsakaicin matsakaicin lokacin sa'o'in hasken rana na wurin amfani;

2. Sunan, iko, adadi, lokutan aiki, lokutan aiki da matsakaicin wutar lantarki na yau da kullun na kayan lantarki da aka yi amfani da su;

3. A ƙarƙashin yanayin cikakken ƙarfin baturi, buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki don kwanakin girgije da ruwan sama a jere;

4. Sauran bukatun abokan ciniki.

Ana shigar da abubuwan da suka shafi sel na hasken rana akan madaidaicin ta hanyar haɗaɗɗiyar layi ɗaya don samar da tsararrun cell ɗin rana. Lokacin da tsarin hasken rana ke aiki, jagorar shigarwa yakamata ya tabbatar da iyakar hasken rana.

Azimuth yana nufin kusurwa tsakanin al'ada zuwa saman tsaye na bangaren da kuma kudu, wanda gabaɗaya sifili ne. Ya kamata a shigar da moduloli a karkata zuwa ga equator. Ma'ana, modules a arewacin helkwatar su fuskanci kudu, kuma modules a kudancin helkwatar su fuskanci arewa.

Ƙaƙwalwar kusurwa tana nufin kusurwar da ke tsakanin gaban gaban module da jirgin sama a kwance, kuma girman kusurwa ya kamata a ƙayyade bisa ga latitude na gida.

Ya kamata a yi la'akari da ikon tsabtace kai na hasken rana a lokacin shigarwa na ainihi (yawanci, kusurwar ƙaddamarwa ya fi 25 °).

Ingancin ƙwayoyin hasken rana a kusurwoyi daban-daban na shigarwa:

Matakan kariya:

1. Daidai zaɓi wurin shigarwa da kusurwar shigarwa na tsarin hasken rana;

2. A cikin tsarin sufuri, ajiya da shigarwa, ya kamata a kula da kayan aikin hasken rana tare da kulawa, kuma kada a sanya su cikin matsanancin matsin lamba da karo;

3. Tsarin tsarin hasken rana ya kamata ya kasance kusa da mai sarrafawa da baturi, ya rage nisan layin da yawa, kuma ya rage asarar layin;

4. A lokacin shigarwa, kula da matakan fitarwa masu kyau da mara kyau na bangaren, kuma kada ku yi gajeren lokaci, in ba haka ba zai iya haifar da haɗari;

5. Lokacin shigar da na'urorin hasken rana a cikin rana, rufe kayayyaki tare da kayan da ba su da kyau kamar fim din filastik baƙar fata da takarda, don kauce wa hadarin babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ke shafar aikin haɗin gwiwa ko haifar da girgiza wutar lantarki ga ma'aikata;

6. Tabbatar cewa tsarin wayoyi da matakan shigarwa daidai ne.

Lura: Ainihin ƙarfin kayan aiki zai yi nasara.