Solar panelskuma ƙwayoyin rana suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen amfani da makamashin hasken rana.Duk da haka, mutane da yawa sukan yi amfani da kalmomin "hannun hasken rana" da "hanyoyin rana" a tsaka-tsaki ba tare da sanin cewa ba abu ɗaya ba ne.A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi zurfin zurfi cikin duniyar makamashin hasken rana kuma mu tattauna mahimman bambance-bambance tsakanin sassan hasken rana da ƙwayoyin rana.
Da farko, bari mu fara fahimtar menene tantanin rana.Kwayoyin hasken rana, wanda kuma aka sani da ƙwayoyin photovoltaic, sune na'urori waɗanda ke canza hasken rana kai tsaye zuwa makamashin lantarki.Yawanci ana yin su ne da kayan semiconductor, irin su silicon, waɗanda ke da ikon ɗaukar photons (barbashi masu haske) da sakin electrons.Wadannan electrons da aka saki suna haifar da wutar lantarki, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don dalilai daban-daban.
Fannin hasken rana, a gefe guda, ya ƙunshi sel masu haɗaɗɗun rana da yawa.An ƙera su ne don ɗaukar hasken rana da canza shi zuwa wutar lantarki akan sikeli mafi girma.Yayin da sel na hasken rana su ne abubuwan da ke cikin hasken rana, bangarorin hasken rana cikakken raka'a ne da aka girka a saman rufin ko a cikin manyan masana'antar hasken rana.
Daya daga cikin manyan bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin masu amfani da hasken rana da kwayoyin halitta shine aikace-aikacen su.Ana amfani da ƙwayoyin hasken rana a cikin ƙananan na'urori kamar ƙididdiga, agogo, har ma da jiragen sama.Saboda ƙanƙantar girmansu da babban inganci, sun dace don ƙarfafa na'urorin lantarki masu ɗaukuwa.A daya bangaren kuma, ana amfani da hasken rana wajen samar da wutar lantarki mai yawa.Su ne zaɓi na farko don aikace-aikacen zama, kasuwanci, da masana'antu.
Wani bambanci tsakanin hasken rana da sel na hasken rana shine ingancin su.Kwayoyin hasken rana sun kasance sun fi ƙarfin hasken rana.Wannan yana nufin cewa ƙwayoyin hasken rana na iya canza mafi girman adadin hasken rana zuwa wutar lantarki.Duk da haka, saboda ci gaban fasaha da tsarin masana'antu, gabaɗayan ingancin fakitin hasken rana yana haɓaka cikin sauri.
Bugu da ƙari, masu amfani da hasken rana da sel na hasken rana suna da buƙatun shigarwa daban-daban.Saboda ƙananan girman su, ana iya haɗa ƙwayoyin hasken rana cikin sauƙi a cikin abubuwa daban-daban ko saman.Misali, ana iya saka su a cikin tagogin ginin ko kuma haɗa su cikin sassauƙa, caja masu ɗaukar rana.Fannin hasken rana, a gefe guda, suna buƙatar wurin shigarwa mafi girma, yawanci saman rufin ko fili.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa hasken rana bangarori za a iya kara zuwa kashi biyu iri: monocrystalline silicon da polycrystalline silicon.Monocrystalline solar panels an yi su ne daga tsarin kristal guda ɗaya, wanda ya ba su kamanni iri-iri da kuma ingantaccen inganci.Polycrystalline solar panels, a daya bangaren, an yi su ne daga nau'ikan sifofi iri-iri na crystal, suna ba su kamannin su.Yayin da bangarorin polycrystalline ba su da inganci fiye da na monocrystalline, gabaɗaya suna da rahusa.
A taƙaice, yayin da hasken rana da sel na hasken rana duka biyu ne masu mahimmanci na tsarin hasken rana, sun bambanta da girman, aikace-aikace, inganci, da buƙatun shigarwa.Fahimtar waɗannan bambance-bambance na iya taimaka wa mutane su yanke shawara mai zurfi yayin amfani da kuzarin rana.Ko yana sa kayan lissafin ku da sel masu amfani da hasken rana ko sanya filayen hasken rana akan rufin ku, makamashin hasken rana babu shakka mafita ce mai tsafta kuma mai dorewa ga buƙatun makamashinmu.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-08-2023